Secondary Cigar and Pipe Smokers*
نویسنده
چکیده
This study of 130 subjects was performed to obtain more data about the smoking habits and levels of carboxyhemoglobin in various types of pipe and cigar smokers. These smokers may be divided by history into primary or secondary smokers and also into current inhalers and noninhalers. Prior studies of carboxyhemoglobin levels have yielded conflicting results, presumably due to differences in current habits of inhalation, which were often not taken into account. Cigarette, primary pipe, and secondary pipe inhalers had similar carboxyhemoglobin
منابع مشابه
Distribution of carboxyhaemoglobin concentrations in smokers and non-smokers.
Carboxyhaemoglobin concentrations were measured in 3487 subjects comprising 1255 non-smokers, 1933 cigarette smokers, 193 cigar smokers (39 primary, 154 secondary), and 106 pipe smokers (30 primary, 76 secondary). In cigarette smokers the mean carboxyhaemoglobin concentration was 4.78% of the total haemoglobin and 94.7% of smokers had a concentration greater than 1.7%. Primary cigar smokers had...
متن کاملCigarette smoking as a dependence process.
ed from Turner, J.A.M.; Sillett, R.W.; and McNichol, M.W.Effect of carboxyhaemoglobin and plasma nicotine concentrations inprimary pipe and cigar smokers and ex-cigarette smokers. BritishMedical Journal, 2:1387-1387, 1977. ©1977, British Medical Jour-nal. Reproduced by permission. *Primary pipe and cigar smokers are those who have never been regu-lar cigarette smokers. Secon...
متن کاملPrevalence of chronic cough and phlegm among male cigar and pipe smokers: results of the Scottish Heart Health Study.
BACKGROUND Previous studies investigating the effect of cigar or pipe smoking on the occurrence of chronic cough and chronic phlegm have reported prevalences among cigar and pipe smokers lying between those of non-smokers and current cigarette smokers. This study uses data on previous cigarette consumption, current cigar or pipe consumption, and biochemical markers of smoking to provide a detai...
متن کاملPipe and cigar smoking and major cardiovascular events, cancer incidence and all-cause mortality in middle-aged British men.
BACKGROUND Pipe and cigar smoking are still regarded by many as less hazardous to health than cigarette smoking. METHODS Prospective study of 7735 men aged 40-59 years drawn from general practices in 24 British towns with mean follow-up of 21.8 years. The outcome measures include major coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke events, cancer incidence, and deaths from all causes. RESULTS Ther...
متن کاملEffect of cigar smoking on carboxyhaemoglobin and plasma nicotine concentrations in primary pipe and cigar smokers and ex-cigarette smokers.
Five ex-cigarette smokers and five primary pipe and cigar smokers each smoked a large cigar. Carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and plasma nicotine levels were measured. In the ex-cigarette smokers mean COHb rose from 2.9% to 9.6% and plasma nicotine from 79.0 nmol/l to 281 nmol/l (12.8-45.6 ng/ml). This response was similar to that of cigarette smokers smoking cigarettes, which indicated that the subje...
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